Presence
| Recorded on | |
| Presence status | |
| Natural distribution | |
| Distribution description | Native to western Asia and northern Africa. | 
| Notes on presence status | Introduced in 1885 from Palestine into Curaçao and naturalized. | 
Publications
- Burg, W.J. van der, Freitas, J. de, Debrot, A.O. & Lotz, L.A.P. 2012. Naturalised and invasive alien plant species in the Caribbean Netherlands: status, distribution, threats, priorities and recommendations. 1-82. Plant Research International, Wageningen UR. PRI report 437, Imares report C185/11.
 - Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
 - Stoffers, A.L. 1984. Rhamnaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 3: 363-370.