Presence
| Presence status | To be expected (3c) |
| Notes on presence status | Found invasive in Puerto Rico, the Bahamas, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic. Has a invasion potential within the Caribbean, Central and South America and the Gulf coast in southern USA. |
Publication
-
Burg, W.J. van der, Freitas, J. de, Debrot, A.O. & Lotz, L.A.P. 2012. Naturalised and invasive alien plant species in the Caribbean Netherlands: status, distribution, threats, priorities and recommendations. 1-82. Plant Research International, Wageningen UR.