Literature

• Burg, M.P. van den, Proosdij, A.S.J. van, Balborda, T.M., Boeken, M., Buurt, G. van, Freitas, J. de, Houtepen, E., Leeuwen, S.J. van, Mitchell, A., Waart, S. de & Debrot, A.O. 2025. Invasive Species: Major Threat to Caribbean Netherlands Biodiversity. In: Debrot et al. 2025. State of Nature Report for the Caribbean Netherlands 2024. C001/25: 337-351. Wageningen University and Research.
• Buurt, G. van & Debrot, A.O. 2012. Exotic and invasive terrestrial and freshwater animal species in the Dutch Caribbean. 1-37. IMARES, Wageningen.
• Dombroskie, J. 2017. Observations of butterflies and moths on Curaçao - December 2017. In: iNaturalist. [link]
• Encyclopedia of Life. [link]
• Stephen P. Bush, Hannah Madden 2013. Preliminary checklist of the bees of St. Eustatius, Lesser Antilles (Hymenoptera: Apoidea Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 298: 1-3.
• Various contributors 2017. Hymenoptera Online (HOL) [accessed 8 March 2017]. [link]

Literature references linked to higher taxa

• 2016. Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database. [link] (Apis)
• Maddison, D. (ed.). Tree of Life web project. [link] (Apoidea)