Literature

• Aptroot, A., Stech, M. 2018. An updated checklist of the lichens of St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles. MycoKeys 33: 69-84.
• Robert, V., Stegehuis, G., Stalpers, J. 2005. The MycoBank engine and related databases. [link]
• Sipman, H. 2008. Lichens. Plants & Lichens of St. Eustatius The New York Botanical Garden. [link]
• Sipman, H. 2009. The lichen genus Syncesia (Arthoniales) on Saba and St. Eustatius (West Indies). Opuscula Philolichenum 7: 55-60.