Literature

• Häuser, C.L., Holstein, J., Steiner, A. 2005. The Global Butterfly Information System. Last updated 05.02.2014. [link]

Literature references linked to higher taxa

• Catalogue of Life. Species 2000 & ITIS. [link] (Papilionoidea)
• Butterflies of America 2018. Butterflies of America. [link] (Pieridae)
• Maddison, D. (ed.). Tree of Life web project. [link] (Pieridae)