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            - Amshoff, G.J.H. 1942. The grasses of the Dutch West Indian Islands No. 25: 3-64. Koloniaal instituut Amsterdam.
 
            - Lindeman, J.C., Stoffers, A.L. 1963. Gramineae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 1: 121-203.
 
            - Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
 
            - Rojer, A. 1997. Biological Inventory of Saba. 87 pp. CARMABI Foundation, Curaçao.
 
            - The Plant List 2013. The Plant List version 1.1. [link]
 
            - WCSP 2017. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [link]
 
        
    
    Literature references linked to higher taxa