Literature
- Davies, M, Piontek, S. 2017. The marine fishes of St. Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean. Marine Biodiversity 47: 27-35. [link]
 - FishBase. FishBase. [link]
 - IUCN 2018. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2018-1. IUCN. [link]
 - WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org. [link]