Presence
| Recorded on | |
| Presence status | |
| Distribution description | Native to southern America and Mexico Southwest. |
Publications
- Debrot, A.O., Henkens, R.J.H.G., Verweij, P.J.F.M., Burg, M.P. van den & Meesters, E.H.W.G. 2025. State of Nature Report for the Caribbean Netherlands, 2024: A second 6-year assessment of the Conservation State, threats and management implications for habitats and species in the Caribbean Netherlands C001/25. Wageningen Marine Research. [link]
- Freitas, J.A. de, Nijhof, B.S.J., Rojer, A.C., Debrot, A.O. 2005. Landscape ecological vegetation map of the island of Bonaire (southern Caribbean). 64. Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity Foundation, Curaçao Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Netherlands.
- Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
- Sneep, J.W., Roon, A.C. de 1984. Euphorbiaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 3: 231-285.
- WCSP 2017. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [link]