Literature

• CITES 2015. Checklist of CITES Species. UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. [link]
• Hoeksema, B.W., Moorsel, G.W.N.M. van 2016. Stony corals of St. Eustatius. In: Marine biodiversity survey of St. Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean, 2015. 32-37. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, and ANEMOON Foundation, Bennebroek.
• MacRae, D.M. & De Meyer, K. 2020. Dutch Caribbean conservation species list. Using management effectiveness to strengthen species conservation in the Caribbean.
• SPAW Protocol 1990. Protocol concerning specially protected areas and wildlife to the convention for the protection and development of the marine environment of the wider Caribbean region. The Caribbean Environment Programme. [link]
• Vermeij, M.J.A. 2002. Evolutionary Ecology of the coral genus Madracis - an illustration of the nature of species in scleractinian corals. 263. FNWI: Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED).
• Vermeij, M.J.A., Diekmann, O.E., Bak, R.P.M. 2003. A new species of Scleractinian coral (Cnidaria, Anthozoa), Madracis carmabi n.sp. from the Caribbean 73(3): 679-684.
• WoRMS. WoRMS, World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org. [link]

Literature references linked to higher taxa

• Humann, P. 1992. Reef Creature Identification. New World Publications. (Cnidaria)
• Humann, P. 1993. Reef Coral Identification. 239 pp. New World Publications. (Hexacorallia)
• Voss, G.L. 1976. Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean. 167. E.A. Seemann Publishing, Inc.. (Scleractinia)